GS2Governance, Constitution, polity, social justice and international relations
NGOs, SHGs and the development industry
Syllabus: Development processes and the development industry: the role of NGOs, SHGs, various groups and associations, donors, charities, institutional and other stakeholders.
Current affairs on this topic 2
- India's NGOs at a new funding crossroads 21 September 2026
A new FCRA Bill proposes powers over assets built with foreign money.
- Op-ed: What India's smallholder farming model can teach other developing nations 16 September 2026
Most Indian farms are tiny. Can collectives, credit and data, rather than land size, make them pay?
Previous-year questions 6
- 2026 · GS2 · 15 marks To what extent do pressure groups, social movements and corporate lobbies deepen pluralistic democracy in India by representing excluded interests? Analyse whether the growing convergence of…
- 2025 · GS2 · 10 marks Civil Society Organizations are often perceived as being anti-State actors than non-State actors. Do you agree? Justify.
- 2021 · GS2 · 15 marks Can Civil Society and Non-Governmental Organisations present an alternative model of public service delivery to benefit the common citizen? Discuss the challenges of this alternative model.
- 2021 · GS2 · 10 marks Can the vicious cycle of gender inequality, poverty and malnutrition be broken through microfinancing of women SHGs? Explain with examples.
- 2016 · GS2 · 12.5 marks "In the Indian governance system, the role of non-state actors has been only marginal." Critically examine this statement.
- 2015 · GS2 · 12.5 marks Examine critically the recent changes in the rules governing foreign funding of NGOs under the Foreign Contribution (Regulation) Act (FCRA), 1976.