Separation of powers, dispute redressal

Current affairs on this topic 9

• Does a valid visa guarantee entry into India? The Delhi High Court says no 5 October 2026

  She held a valid business visa. Her husband walked through immigration. She was sent back. Can a court help her?

• Centre resumes appraising pending post facto green clearances after Supreme Court ruling 3 October 2026

  Can a project that broke the law be cleared afterwards? The Centre reopens pending cases but bars new ones.

• Centre issues rules creating a National Tribunals Commission to select tribunal members 3 October 2026

  Who should choose the judges of India's tribunals, the government or an independent body? New rules set up one.

• Supreme Court: a police-custody confession alone cannot justify NSA detention 30 September 2026

  Can the state lock up a man already on bail, using only what he allegedly told the police?

• Justice Nagarathna: family disputes need mediation and adjudication working together 27 September 2026

  Can mediation clear family court backlogs without weakening the rights of the weaker party?

• A Supreme Court judge defends the Collegium and hits back at the Centre 24 September 2026

  Who should pick judges, and who is to blame for vacancies?

• Bankers' Books Evidence Act, 2026 to replace the 1891 law from 1 October 2026 12 September 2026

  A 135-year-old law written for paper ledgers still governs bank records in court. What changes in a cloud-banking age?

• Supreme Court asks States to raise district judges' retirement age from 60 to 62 5 September 2026

  With 5.18 crore cases pending in district courts, can two more years on the bench help?

• Supreme Court uses Article 142 to quash FIRs against NEET-UG protesters 2 September 2026

  Can the Supreme Court close criminal cases across India in one order, and when should it?

Previous-year questions 11

1. 2025 · GS2 · 15 marks Discuss the evolution of collegium system in India. Critically examine the advantages and disadvantages of the system of appointment of the Judges of the Supreme Court of India and that of the USA.
2. 2025 · GS2 · 15 marks "Constitutional morality is the fulcrum which acts as an essential check upon the high functionaries and citizens alike..." In view of the above observation of the Supreme Court, explain the concept…
3. 2024 · GS2 · 10 marks Explain and distinguish between Lok Adalats and Arbitration Tribunals. Whether they entertain civil as well as criminal cases?
4. 2023 · GS2 · 10 marks "Constitutionally guaranteed judicial independence is a prerequisite of democracy". Comment.
5. 2023 · GS2 · 15 marks "The Constitution of India is a living instrument with capabilities of enormous dynamism. It is a constitution made for a progressive society." Illustrate with special reference to the expanding…
6. 2022 · GS2 · 10 marks "Right of movement and residence throughout the territory of India are freely available to the Indian citizens, but these rights are not absolute." Comment.
7. 2018 · GS2 · 15 marks How far do you agree with the view that tribunals curtail the jurisdiction of ordinary courts? In view of the above, discuss the constitutional validity and competency of the tribunals in India.
8. 2017 · GS2 · 15 marks Examine the scope of Fundamental Rights in the light of the latest judgement of the Supreme Court on Right to Privacy.
9. 2017 · GS2 · 10 marks Critically examine the Supreme Court's judgement on 'National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014' with reference to appointment of judges of higher judiciary in India.
10. 2015 · GS2 · 12.5 marks To achieve the desired objectives, it is necessary to ensure that the regulatory institutions remain independent and autonomous. Discuss in the light of experiences in the recent past.
11. 2014 · GS2 · 12.5 marks Starting from inventing the 'basic structure' doctrine, the judiciary has played a highly pro active role in ensuring that India develops into a thriving democracy. In light of the statement…